Integrated multi-biomarker responses of juvenile rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) to an environmentally relevant pharmaceutical mixture

Mahaut Beghin, Mélodie Schmitz, Stéphane Betoulle, Olivier Palluel, Sébastien Baekelandt, Syaghalirwa N.M. Mandiki, Erin Gillet, Katherine Nott, Jean Marc Porcher, Christelle Robert, Sébastien Ronkart, Patrick Kestemont

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Résumé

Pharmaceuticals are emerging pollutants of concern for aquatic ecosystems where they are occurring in complex mixtures. In the present study, the chronic toxicity of an environmentally relevant pharmaceutical mixture on juvenile rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) was investigated. Five pharmaceuticals (paracetamol, carbamazepine, diclofenac, naproxen and irbesartan) were selected based on their detection frequency and concentration levels in the Meuse river (Belgium). Fish were exposed for 42 days to three different concentrations of the mixture, the median one detected in the Meuse river, 10-times and 100-times this concentration. Effects on the nervous, immune, antioxidant, and detoxification systems were evaluated throughout the exposure period and their response standardized using the Integrated Biomarker Response (IBRv2) index. IBRv2 scores increased over time in the fish exposed to the highest concentration. After 42 days, fish exposed to the highest concentration displayed significantly higher levels in lysozyme activity (p < 0.01). The mixture also caused significant changes in brain serotonin turnover (p < 0.05). In short, our results indicate that the subchronic waterborne exposure to a pharmaceutical mixture commonly occurring in freshwater ecosystems may affect the neuroendocrine and immune systems of juvenile rainbow trout.

langue originaleAnglais
Numéro d'article112454
journalEcotoxicology and Environmental Safety
Volume221
Les DOIs
Etat de la publicationPublié - 15 sept. 2021

Financement

This work was carried out in the framework of the Project DIADEM (Développement d'une Approche Intégrée pour le Diagnostic de la qualité des Eaux de la Meuse) and was supported by Interreg France-Wallonia-Vlaanderen Programme (European Regional Development Development Fund ERDF) and the Public Service of Wallonia (SPW DGO3) (Belgium). We are grateful to the scientific and technical staff of the Research Unit in Environmental and Evolutionary Biology (URBE) of the University of Namur for their support during fish organ sampling. The authors thank all the members of the DIADeM project who provided help for data collection and analysis.

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