Abstract
A feeding trial was performed to compare the effects of five ethanol herbal extracts (bhumi amla, Phyllanthus amarus Schum and Thonn [Pa]; guava, Psidium guajava L. [Pg]; sensitive plant, Mimosa pudica L. [Mp]; neem, Azadirachta indica A. Juss [Ai] and asthma plant, Euphorbia hirta L. [Eh]) on the immune response and disease resistance against Edwardsiella ictaluri infection of striped catfish (Pangasianodon hypophthalmus). Fish were fed diets supplemented with two doses of each plant extract (0% [basal diet], 0.4% Eh [Eh0.4], 2.0% Eh [Eh2.0], 0.2% Pa [Pa0.2], 1.0% Pa [Pa1.0], 0.2% Pg [Pg0.2], 1.0% Pg [Pg1.0], 0.4% Mp [Mp0.4], 2.0% Mp [Mp2.0], 0.4% Ai [Ai0.4], 2.0% Ai [Ai2.0]) for 8 weeks. Results showed that hematological parameters (total red blood cells, white blood cells, lymphocytes, monocytes, and neutrophils) of fish fed extract-based diets were significantly higher than in those fed the control diet (p < 0.05) after 4 and 8 weeks. Plasma lysozyme activity increased in fish whose diets contained both doses of Eh (p < 0.05) in week 4 (W4), whereas lysozyme activity increased in fish fed 0.2% Pa and Pg, and 2.0% Ai and Eh (p < 0.05) in week 8 (W8). The lysozyme levels in skin mucus did not significantly differ between treatments (p > 0.05) in W4 and after the bacterial challenge test. At the end of the feeding trial, levels of ACH50 significantly increased in most of extract groups compared to the control group (p < 0.05). Total immunoglobulin increased considerably in both the plasma and skin mucus of fish fed extract-supplemented diets after 8 weeks. In addition, dietary supplementation with Pg, Mp, Pa0.2, Eh2.0, and Ai0.4 for 8 weeks considerably reduced the cumulative mortality against E. ictaluri infection in striped catfish. The results suggest that plant extracts possibly modulate the striped catfish immune response in a time and dose dependent manner. Specifically, diets enriched with extracts of P. guajava at 0.2 and 1.0%, or M. pudica at 2.0% for 8 weeks, have great potential for improving striped catfish health by enhancing the immune system and reducing mortality against bacterial challenges.
Original language | English |
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Pages (from-to) | 913-924 |
Number of pages | 12 |
Journal | Fish and Shellfish Immunology |
Volume | 92 |
DOIs | |
Publication status | Published - 1 Sept 2019 |
Keywords
- Azadirachta indica A. Juss
- Bacterial resistance
- Blood parameter
- Euphorbia hirta L
- Humoral immune response
- Mimosa pudica L.
- Phyllanthus amarus schum and thonn
- Plant extract
- Psidium guajava L.
- Skin mucosal immune response
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Dive into the research topics of 'Plant extract-based diets differently modulate immune responses and resistance to bacterial infection in striped catfish (Pangasianodon hypophthalmus)'. Together they form a unique fingerprint.Student theses
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Immunomodulatory potential of different herbal plant extracts on striped catfish (Pangasianodon hypophthalmus): in vitro and in vivo approaches
Author: Truong Quynh Nhu, X., 19 Dec 2019Supervisor: Kestemont, P. (Supervisor), Bich Hang, B. T. (External person) (Co-Supervisor), De Laender, F. (President), Quetin-Leclercq, J. (External person) (Jury), SCIPPO, M. L. (External person) (Jury), Mandiki, R. (Jury) & Torrecillas, S. (External person) (Jury)
Student thesis: Doc types › Doctor of Sciences
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