Résumé
Gallid herpesvirus-2 (GaHV-2) is an oncogenic α-herpesvirus that causes Marek's disease (MD), a T cell lymphosarcoma (lymphoma) of domestic fowl (chickens). The GaHV-2 genome integrates by homologous recombination into the host genome and, by modulating expression of viral and cellular genes, induces transformation of latently infected cells. MD is a unique model of viral oncogenesis. Mechanisms implicated in the regulation of viral and cellular genes during GaHV-2 infection operate at transcriptional, post-transcriptional and post-translational levels, with involvement of viral and cellular transcription factors, along with epigenetic modifications, alternative splicing, microRNAs and post-translational modifications of viral proteins. Meq, the major oncogenic protein of GaHV-2, is a viral transcription factor that modulates expression of viral genes, for example by binding to the viral bidirectional promoter of the pp38-pp24/1.8 kb mRNA, and also modulates expression of cellular genes, such as Bcl-2 and matrix metalloproteinase 3. GaHV-2 expresses viral telomerase RNA subunit (vTR), which forms a complex with the cellular telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT), thus contributing to tumorigenesis, while vTR independent of telomerase activity is implicated in metastasis. Expression of a viral interleukin 8 homologue may contribute to lymphomagenesis. Inhibition of expression of the pro-apoptotic factors JARID2 and SMAD2 by viral microRNAs may promote the survival and proliferation of GaHV-2 latently infected cells, thus enhancing tumorigenesis, while inhibition of interleukin 18 by viral microRNAs may be involved in evasion of immune surveillance. Viral envelope glycoproteins derived from glycoprotein B (gp60 and gp49), as well as glycoprotein C, may also play a role in immune evasion.
langue originale | Anglais |
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Pages (de - à) | 339-348 |
Nombre de pages | 10 |
journal | The Veterinary Journal |
Volume | 205 |
Numéro de publication | 3 |
Les DOIs | |
Etat de la publication | Publié - 1 sept. 2015 |
Empreinte digitale
Examiner les sujets de recherche de « Marek's disease: Genetic regulation of gallid herpesvirus 2 infection and latency ». Ensemble, ils forment une empreinte digitale unique.Thèses de l'étudiant
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Study of the epigenetic silencing of a host microRNA in Marek's disease
Gennart, I. (Auteur)Muylkens, B. (Promoteur), Gillet, N. (Président), Le Calve, B. (Jury), Dewals, B. (Jury), Van Lint, C. (Jury), Laurent, S. (Jury) & Dewals, B. (Jury), 19 juin 2018Student thesis: Doc types › Docteur en Sciences
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