TY - JOUR
T1 - Cystic echinococcosis in three locations in the Middle Atlas, Morocco
T2 - Estimation of the infection rate in the dog reservoir
AU - Amarir, Fatima Ezzahra
AU - Saadi, Aouatif
AU - Marcotty, Tanguy
AU - Rhalem, Abdelkbir
AU - Oukessou, Mohamed
AU - Sahibi, Hamid
AU - Obtel, Majdouline
AU - Bouslikhane, Mohammed
AU - Sadak, Abderrahim
AU - Kirschvink, Nathalie
PY - 2020/6/1
Y1 - 2020/6/1
N2 - A longitudinal study was carried out in Middle atlas, Morocco (locality of Had Oued Ifrane) in a population of 255 dogs from three localities, including two categories of dogs (owned and stray dogs). The dogs were investigated three times over a period ranging from 4 to 8 months between December and August. At each investigation, dogs were treated with arecoline, inducing defecation and allowing feces collection. Dogs were further treated with praziquantel to clear them from Echinococcus granulosus. Microscopic examination of feces was performed to assess the infection status of dogs at each investigation, and positive samples underwent copro-PCR to determine the circulating strain of E. granulosus. A high prevalence of infestation ranging from 23.5% to 38.8% and from 51.3% to 68.5% was, respectively, found in owned and in stray dogs. The PCR results revealed the presence of G1 strain in all positive samples. A logistic regression model was used to determine the incidence of infestation and showed that stray dogs underwent a significantly higher risk of infection (odds ratio = 14; 95% confidence interval: 6-30; p < 0.001) compared with owned dogs. Only anthelmintic treatment intervals of 2 months efficiently prevented egg shedding in owned and stray dogs. The seasonal effect was also significant, with the highest risk of reinfestation in winter and the lowest risk in summer. This study confirms that stray dogs undergo an increased risk of infestation by E. granulosus and indicate that infective pressure is influenced by season.
AB - A longitudinal study was carried out in Middle atlas, Morocco (locality of Had Oued Ifrane) in a population of 255 dogs from three localities, including two categories of dogs (owned and stray dogs). The dogs were investigated three times over a period ranging from 4 to 8 months between December and August. At each investigation, dogs were treated with arecoline, inducing defecation and allowing feces collection. Dogs were further treated with praziquantel to clear them from Echinococcus granulosus. Microscopic examination of feces was performed to assess the infection status of dogs at each investigation, and positive samples underwent copro-PCR to determine the circulating strain of E. granulosus. A high prevalence of infestation ranging from 23.5% to 38.8% and from 51.3% to 68.5% was, respectively, found in owned and in stray dogs. The PCR results revealed the presence of G1 strain in all positive samples. A logistic regression model was used to determine the incidence of infestation and showed that stray dogs underwent a significantly higher risk of infection (odds ratio = 14; 95% confidence interval: 6-30; p < 0.001) compared with owned dogs. Only anthelmintic treatment intervals of 2 months efficiently prevented egg shedding in owned and stray dogs. The seasonal effect was also significant, with the highest risk of reinfestation in winter and the lowest risk in summer. This study confirms that stray dogs undergo an increased risk of infestation by E. granulosus and indicate that infective pressure is influenced by season.
KW - dog
KW - Echinococcus granulosus
KW - incidence
KW - Morocco
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85085904101&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1089/vbz.2019.2538
DO - 10.1089/vbz.2019.2538
M3 - Article
C2 - 32077790
AN - SCOPUS:85085904101
SN - 1530-3667
VL - 20
SP - 436
EP - 443
JO - Vector-Borne and Zoonotic Diseases
JF - Vector-Borne and Zoonotic Diseases
IS - 6
ER -