TY - JOUR
T1 - Cardiovascular and endocrine effects of endothelin-1 at pathophysiological and pharmacological plasma concentrations in conscious dogs
AU - Donckier, J. E.
AU - Hanet, C.
AU - Berbinschi, A.
AU - Galanti, L.
AU - Robert, A.
AU - Van Mechelen, H.
AU - Pouleur, H.
AU - Ketelslegers, J. M.
PY - 1991/1/1
Y1 - 1991/1/1
N2 - Background. Increased plasma concentrations of endothelin-1, a potent vasoconstrictor produced by the endothelium, have been reported in various pathological conditions. This study was conducted to evaluate effects of endothelin-1 at pathophysiological and pharmacological plasma concentrations. Methods and Results. Endothelin-1 was infused at increasing doses (2.5, 5, 10, and 20 ng/kg·min for 1 hour each) in nine conscious dogs. During endothelin-1 infusion, plasma endothelin-1 rose from a basal value of 1.8±0.4 pmol/l to 5.8±1.1 (pathophysiological), 20.8±3.9 (pathophysiological), 85.4±18.9 (pharmacological), and 311.4±55.7 (pharmacological) pmol/l at each dose, respectively. Heart rate increased at 2.5 ng/kg·min (from 129±7 to 146±12 beats/min) but decreased at 20 ng/kg·min (97±7 beats/min) (p<0.001). Such a biphasic response was also observed for peak (+)dP/dt and (dP/dt)/DP40 (p<0.005). Left ventricular systolic pressures, mean aortic pressure, and left atrial pressure increased over time (p<0.05, p<0.005, and p<0.001, respectively). The time constant of early isovolumic relaxation rose progressively (p<0.001). The percent systolic shortening decreased at 10 and 20 ng/kg·min (p<0.005). Pressure-segment length loops showed a reduction in systolic shortening associated with an increase in left ventricular systolic pressure at 20 ng/kg·min. Atrial natriuretic factor rose after 5 ng/kg·min from 28.5±6.5 to 92.0±18.2 pmol/l (p<0.005). Angiotensin II and catecholamines did not change significantly. Serum urea and creatinine rose progressively (p<0.05), whereas glucose decreased (p<0.05). The above results differed significantly from measurements obtained in a time-control group of six dogs. Conclusions. A fourfold increase of plasma endothelin-1 obtained after doubling the infusion rate suggests a reduction in endothelin-1 clearance or endothelin-1 endogenous production. The biphasic response of heart rate is consistent with baroreflex-mediated effects resulting from vasodilation at the pathophysiological level and vasoconstriction at the pharmacological level. Hemodynamic data suggest an increase followed by a decrease in contractility at both levels, respectively. Finally, endothelin-1 is a stimulator of atrial natriuretic factor.
AB - Background. Increased plasma concentrations of endothelin-1, a potent vasoconstrictor produced by the endothelium, have been reported in various pathological conditions. This study was conducted to evaluate effects of endothelin-1 at pathophysiological and pharmacological plasma concentrations. Methods and Results. Endothelin-1 was infused at increasing doses (2.5, 5, 10, and 20 ng/kg·min for 1 hour each) in nine conscious dogs. During endothelin-1 infusion, plasma endothelin-1 rose from a basal value of 1.8±0.4 pmol/l to 5.8±1.1 (pathophysiological), 20.8±3.9 (pathophysiological), 85.4±18.9 (pharmacological), and 311.4±55.7 (pharmacological) pmol/l at each dose, respectively. Heart rate increased at 2.5 ng/kg·min (from 129±7 to 146±12 beats/min) but decreased at 20 ng/kg·min (97±7 beats/min) (p<0.001). Such a biphasic response was also observed for peak (+)dP/dt and (dP/dt)/DP40 (p<0.005). Left ventricular systolic pressures, mean aortic pressure, and left atrial pressure increased over time (p<0.05, p<0.005, and p<0.001, respectively). The time constant of early isovolumic relaxation rose progressively (p<0.001). The percent systolic shortening decreased at 10 and 20 ng/kg·min (p<0.005). Pressure-segment length loops showed a reduction in systolic shortening associated with an increase in left ventricular systolic pressure at 20 ng/kg·min. Atrial natriuretic factor rose after 5 ng/kg·min from 28.5±6.5 to 92.0±18.2 pmol/l (p<0.005). Angiotensin II and catecholamines did not change significantly. Serum urea and creatinine rose progressively (p<0.05), whereas glucose decreased (p<0.05). The above results differed significantly from measurements obtained in a time-control group of six dogs. Conclusions. A fourfold increase of plasma endothelin-1 obtained after doubling the infusion rate suggests a reduction in endothelin-1 clearance or endothelin-1 endogenous production. The biphasic response of heart rate is consistent with baroreflex-mediated effects resulting from vasodilation at the pathophysiological level and vasoconstriction at the pharmacological level. Hemodynamic data suggest an increase followed by a decrease in contractility at both levels, respectively. Finally, endothelin-1 is a stimulator of atrial natriuretic factor.
KW - Atrial natriuretic factor
KW - Baroreflex
KW - Endothelin-1
KW - Endothelium
KW - Vasoconstriction
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=0025838216&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1161/01.CIR.84.6.2476
DO - 10.1161/01.CIR.84.6.2476
M3 - Article
C2 - 1835679
AN - SCOPUS:0025838216
SN - 0009-7322
VL - 84
SP - 2476
EP - 2484
JO - Circulation
JF - Circulation
IS - 6
ER -