TY - JOUR
T1 - Morphology and DNA degeneration during autoschizic cell death in bladder carcinoma T24 cells induced by ascorbate and menadione treatment
AU - Gilloteaux, Jacques
AU - Jamison, James M.
AU - Arnold, David
AU - Neal, Deborah R.
AU - Summers, Jack L
PY - 2006/1
Y1 - 2006/1
N2 - Feulgen and actin-phalloidin staining as well as gel electrophoresis have been employed in conjunction with cell ultrastructure to describe the effects of 1-, 2-, and 4-hr ascorbate (VC), menadione (VK3), and ascorbate:menadione (VC:VK3) treatments on the T24 human bladder carcinoma cell line. T24 cells exposed to VC alone display blebs and other superficial membrane defects related to membrane alterations and to superficial cytoskeleton changes. VK3 treatment damages the cell nucleus and organelles, leads to the redistribution of the organelles in the perikaryon as a consequence of cytoskeletal damage, and results in cytoplasmic self-excisions. After VC:VK3 treatment, the cells show exaggerated alterations characteristic of each vitamin treatment alone, including damaged mitochondria, self-excision of organelle-free pieces of cytoplasm, and extrusion of the perikaryon containing a nucleus surrounded by the damaged organelles. The nuclear envelope appears intact and contains chromatin that decondenses and dissipates. During the cellular demise that concludes with apparent karyolysis, the cells significantly decrease their size and alter their shape. However, the cisterns of rough endoplasmic reticulum are undamaged, but may become dilated. Since the cellular phenomena leading to cell death differ morphologically from apoptosis and necrosis, but entail self-cutting without nuclear bodies, this new form of cell death was called autoschizis. In addition, gel electrophoresis and Feulgen staining demonstrate that autoschizis is accompanied by random DNA degeneration.
AB - Feulgen and actin-phalloidin staining as well as gel electrophoresis have been employed in conjunction with cell ultrastructure to describe the effects of 1-, 2-, and 4-hr ascorbate (VC), menadione (VK3), and ascorbate:menadione (VC:VK3) treatments on the T24 human bladder carcinoma cell line. T24 cells exposed to VC alone display blebs and other superficial membrane defects related to membrane alterations and to superficial cytoskeleton changes. VK3 treatment damages the cell nucleus and organelles, leads to the redistribution of the organelles in the perikaryon as a consequence of cytoskeletal damage, and results in cytoplasmic self-excisions. After VC:VK3 treatment, the cells show exaggerated alterations characteristic of each vitamin treatment alone, including damaged mitochondria, self-excision of organelle-free pieces of cytoplasm, and extrusion of the perikaryon containing a nucleus surrounded by the damaged organelles. The nuclear envelope appears intact and contains chromatin that decondenses and dissipates. During the cellular demise that concludes with apparent karyolysis, the cells significantly decrease their size and alter their shape. However, the cisterns of rough endoplasmic reticulum are undamaged, but may become dilated. Since the cellular phenomena leading to cell death differ morphologically from apoptosis and necrosis, but entail self-cutting without nuclear bodies, this new form of cell death was called autoschizis. In addition, gel electrophoresis and Feulgen staining demonstrate that autoschizis is accompanied by random DNA degeneration.
KW - Ascorbate
KW - Bladder carcinoma
KW - Cell death
KW - DNA
KW - Menadione
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=30344486636&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1002/ar.a.20276
DO - 10.1002/ar.a.20276
M3 - Article
C2 - 16345077
AN - SCOPUS:30344486636
SN - 0003-276X
VL - 288
SP - 58
EP - 83
JO - Anatomical Record - Part A Discoveries in Molecular, Cellular, and Evolutionary Biology
JF - Anatomical Record - Part A Discoveries in Molecular, Cellular, and Evolutionary Biology
IS - 1
ER -