Induction heating Vs conventional heating for the hydrothermal treatment of nitinol and its subsequent 2-(Methacryloyloxy)ethyl 2-(trimethylammonio)ethyl phosphate coating by surface-initiated atom transfer radical polymerization

Nitinol is an alloy of great interest in general and especially in the biomedical field where many researches are aimed to improve both its corrosion resistance and its biocompatibility. In this work, we report on the advantage of an induction heating treatment in pure water compared to a conventional hydrothermal procedure. Both treatments lead to a hydroxylation of the surface, a decrease of the nickel amount in the outer part of the oxide layer, and a drastically decreased corrosion current density. However, the amount of surface hydroxyl groups is higher in the case of the induction heating treatment, which in turn leads to a denser grafting of atom transfer radical polymerization initiators and ultimately to a thicker 2-(methacryloyloxy)ethyl 2-(trimethylammonio)ethyl phosphate (MPC) polymer layer than in the case of conventional heating treatments. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), static contact angle, and polarization curves measurements as well as scanning electron microscopy (SEM) have been used to characterize the obtained modified surfaces.