TY - JOUR
T1 - First report on microcystis as a potential microviridin producer in bulgarian waterbodies
AU - Uzunov, Blagoy
AU - Stefanova, Katerina
AU - Radkova, Mariana
AU - Gärtner, Georg
AU - Stoyneva-Gärtner, Maya
N1 - Funding Information:
Acknowledgments: The authors would like once more to acknowledge SRF-MESB for the project grants and the European Cooperation in Science and Technology, COST Action ES 1105 ‘CYANOCOST —Cyanobacterial blooms and toxins in water resources: Occurrence, impacts and management’ for adding value to this paper through networking and knowledge sharing with European experts and researchers in the field.
Funding Information:
Funding: This research was funded by the Scientific Research Fund of the Ministry of Education and Science of Bulgaria (SRF-MESB), grant numbers KP-06-OPR06/2/18.12.2018 and KP-06-OPR03/18/19.12.2018.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.
PY - 2021/7
Y1 - 2021/7
N2 - Bulgaria, situated on the Balkan Peninsula, is rich in small and shallow, natural and man-made non-lotic waterbodies, which are threatened by blooms of Cyanoprokaryota/Cyanobacteria. Although cyanotoxins in Bulgarian surface waters are receiving increased attention, there is no information on microviridins and their producers. This paper presents results from a phytoplankton study, conducted in August 2019 in three lakes (Durankulak, Vaya, Uzungeren) and five reservoirs (Duvanli, Mandra, Poroy, Sinyata Reka, Zhrebchevo) in which a molecular-genetic analysis (PCR based on the precursor mdnA gene and subsequent translation to amino acid alignments), combined with conventional light microscopy and an HPLC analysis of marker pigments, were applied for the identification of potential microviridin producers. The results provide evidence that ten strains of the genus Microcystis, and of its most widespread species M. aeruginosa in particular, are potentially toxigenic in respect to microviridins. The mdnA sequences were obtained from all studied waterbodies and their translation to amino-acid alignments revealed the presence of five microviridin variants (types B/C, Izancya, CBJ55500.1 (Microcystis 199), and MC19, as well as a variant, which was very close to type A). This study adds to the general understanding of the microviridin occurrence, producers, and sequence diversity.
AB - Bulgaria, situated on the Balkan Peninsula, is rich in small and shallow, natural and man-made non-lotic waterbodies, which are threatened by blooms of Cyanoprokaryota/Cyanobacteria. Although cyanotoxins in Bulgarian surface waters are receiving increased attention, there is no information on microviridins and their producers. This paper presents results from a phytoplankton study, conducted in August 2019 in three lakes (Durankulak, Vaya, Uzungeren) and five reservoirs (Duvanli, Mandra, Poroy, Sinyata Reka, Zhrebchevo) in which a molecular-genetic analysis (PCR based on the precursor mdnA gene and subsequent translation to amino acid alignments), combined with conventional light microscopy and an HPLC analysis of marker pigments, were applied for the identification of potential microviridin producers. The results provide evidence that ten strains of the genus Microcystis, and of its most widespread species M. aeruginosa in particular, are potentially toxigenic in respect to microviridins. The mdnA sequences were obtained from all studied waterbodies and their translation to amino-acid alignments revealed the presence of five microviridin variants (types B/C, Izancya, CBJ55500.1 (Microcystis 199), and MC19, as well as a variant, which was very close to type A). This study adds to the general understanding of the microviridin occurrence, producers, and sequence diversity.
KW - Coastal lake
KW - Cyanobacteria
KW - Cyanoprokaryota
KW - Cyanotoxins
KW - Harmful algal blooms
KW - Microcystis aeruginosa
KW - Reservoir
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85110363617&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.3390/toxins13070448
DO - 10.3390/toxins13070448
M3 - Article
C2 - 34203459
AN - SCOPUS:85110363617
SN - 2072-6651
VL - 13
JO - Toxins
JF - Toxins
IS - 7
M1 - 448
ER -