Un régime fondé sur la charia peut-il être compatible avec la Convention européenne des droits de l’homme ?

This contribution aims to compare the reasoning developed by the European Court of Human Rights in two judgments it delivered in 2018, namely Zehra Foun-dation and others v. Turkey (10 July 2018) and Molla Sali v. Greece (19 December 2018). Both judgments deal, from differ-ent angles of approach, with the question of the compatibility with the Convention of a regime based on Sharia. In the Zehra Foundation judgment, the Court recalled the incompatibility between supporting a regime based on Sharia and the values un-derlying the Convention and more generally human rights. In the Molla Sali judgment, the Court, faced with a case of concrete ap-plication, in Greece, of rules stemming from the Sharia, laid down the conditions to be fulfilled in order to create a special status referring to Sharia. This contribution aims to reconcile the lessons learned from these two judgments, which both stem from the famous Refah Partisi and others v. Turkey case.